Journal of Geographical Sciences

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Multi-scale analysis of spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of eco-environmental quality in a Ningxia irrigation district, China

LI Zequan, CHAI Mingtang, ZHU Lei, HE Junjie, DING Yimin, XU Fengkun, XU Xiyuan

地理学报(英文版), 2026, 36(2): 471-493. DOI: 10.1007/s11442-026-2456-2

Ecological factors	2001		2006		2011		2016		2021
Ecological factors	p	q	p	q	p	q	p	q	p	q
NDVI	0.000	0.893	0.000	0.901	0.000	0.879	0.000	0.836	0.000	0.875
ET	0.000	0.571	0.000	0.488	0.000	0.607	0.000	0.516	0.000	0.503
NDBSI	0.000	0.940	0.000	0.926	0.000	0.873	0.000	0.885	0.000	0.863
LST	0.000	0.900	0.000	0.903	0.000	0.839	0.000	0.840	0.000	0.753

Table 6 Irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results

本文的其它图/表

Figure 1 Location of Ningxia irrigation district (a: Ningxia; b: irrigation district; c: sub-irrigation district; d: landscape; L: large scale, which is irrigation district; M: medium scale, which is sub-irrigation district; S: small scale, which is landscape)
Table 1 Data main information and sources
Table 2 MRSEI calculation formula
Table 3 Results of factors interactions
Table 4 Load and contribution rate of the PC_l in different years
Figure 2 Classification of MRSEI index in Ningxia irrigation district of different scales (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 1.)
Figure 3 Variation and fluctuation levels of the MRSEI index across different spatial scales in Ningxia irrigation district (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 2.)
Figure 4 LISA clustering maps of MRSEI index in Ningxia irrigation district of different scales
Table 5 Theoretical models and their parameters for fitting semi-variance functions
Figure 5 Optimal fitting curves for semi-variational functions at each scale (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 3)
Figure 6 Results of interactive detection of ecological factors
Table 7 Irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results
Table 8 Sub-irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results
Figure 7 Results of the interactive detection of irrigation district driving factors
Figure 8 Results of the interactive detection of sub-irrigation district driving factors
Figure 9 Local-scale detail comparison between MRSEI and RSEI
Figure 10 MGWR regression coefficients
Figure 11 Diagram of driving process on ecological quality at different scales (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 5; NDVI: normalized difference vegetation index; ET: evapotranspiration; LST: land surface temperature; NDBSI: normalized difference built-up and soil index; PRE: precipitation; TEMP: temperature; LUT: land use type; GDP: gross domestic product; DEM: digital elevation model; POP: population)

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