Journal of Geographical Sciences

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Multi-scale analysis of spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of eco-environmental quality in a Ningxia irrigation district, China

LI Zequan, CHAI Mingtang, ZHU Lei, HE Junjie, DING Yimin, XU Fengkun, XU Xiyuan

地理学报(英文版), 2026, 36(2): 471-493. DOI: 10.1007/s11442-026-2456-2

Years	Scales	Model	C₀	C₀+C	C₀/C₀+C	A₀/m	R²
2001	L	Exponential	0.0112	0.0323	0.3468	15830	0.983
	M	Exponential	0.0048	0.0225	0.2133	9985	0.995
	S₁	Exponential	0.0016	0.0075	0.2133	6321	0.981
	S₂	Exponential	0.0013	0.0076	0.1711	5473	0.999
2021	L	Exponential	0.0084	0.0341	0.2463	16481	0.996
	M	Exponential	0.0036	0.0247	0.1457	9304	0.998
	S₁	Exponential	0.0014	0.0102	0.1373	6346	0.998
	S₂	Exponential	0.0012	0.0088	0.1364	4932	0.999

Table 5 Theoretical models and their parameters for fitting semi-variance functions

本文的其它图/表

Figure 1 Location of Ningxia irrigation district (a: Ningxia; b: irrigation district; c: sub-irrigation district; d: landscape; L: large scale, which is irrigation district; M: medium scale, which is sub-irrigation district; S: small scale, which is landscape)
Table 1 Data main information and sources
Table 2 MRSEI calculation formula
Table 3 Results of factors interactions
Table 4 Load and contribution rate of the PC_l in different years
Figure 2 Classification of MRSEI index in Ningxia irrigation district of different scales (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 1.)
Figure 3 Variation and fluctuation levels of the MRSEI index across different spatial scales in Ningxia irrigation district (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 2.)
Figure 4 LISA clustering maps of MRSEI index in Ningxia irrigation district of different scales
Figure 5 Optimal fitting curves for semi-variational functions at each scale (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 3)
Table 6 Irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results
Figure 6 Results of interactive detection of ecological factors
Table 7 Irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results
Table 8 Sub-irrigation district scale ecological factor singleton detection results
Figure 7 Results of the interactive detection of irrigation district driving factors
Figure 8 Results of the interactive detection of sub-irrigation district driving factors
Figure 9 Local-scale detail comparison between MRSEI and RSEI
Figure 10 MGWR regression coefficients
Figure 11 Diagram of driving process on ecological quality at different scales (L, M and S are the same meaning in Figure 5; NDVI: normalized difference vegetation index; ET: evapotranspiration; LST: land surface temperature; NDBSI: normalized difference built-up and soil index; PRE: precipitation; TEMP: temperature; LUT: land use type; GDP: gross domestic product; DEM: digital elevation model; POP: population)

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