地理学报(英文版) ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 1419-1436.doi: 10.1007/s11442-021-1904-2
收稿日期:
2020-11-27
接受日期:
2021-08-10
出版日期:
2021-10-25
发布日期:
2021-12-25
WU Xue1,2(), PAUDEL Basanta1, ZHANG Yili1,3,*(
), LIU Linshan1, WANG Zhaofeng1,3, XIE Fangdi1, GAO Jungang4, SUN Xiaomin2
Received:
2020-11-27
Accepted:
2021-08-10
Online:
2021-10-25
Published:
2021-12-25
Contact:
ZHANG Yili
E-mail:wuxuexxl@163.com;zhangyl@igsnrr.ac.cn
About author:
Wu Xue (1989-), Postdoctoral Researcher, specialized in land use and land cover change and its ecological effect.E-mail: wuxuexxl@163.com
Supported by:
. [J]. 地理学报(英文版), 2021, 31(10): 1419-1436.
WU Xue, PAUDEL Basanta, ZHANG Yili, LIU Linshan, WANG Zhaofeng, XIE Fangdi, GAO Jungang, SUN Xiaomin. Vertical distribution changes in land cover between 1990 and 2015 within the Koshi River Basin, Central Himalayas[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2021, 31(10): 1419-1436.
Land cover | Southern slope | Northern slope | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 2015 | 1990 | 2015 | |||||||||
Altitude range | Core distribution zone | Dominant belt | Altitude range | Core distribution zone | Dominant belt | Altitude range | Core distribution zone | Dominant belt | Altitude range | Core distribution zone | Dominant belt | |
Cropland | 96-4300 | 800-1800 | 100-700 | 96-4300 | 600-1800 | 100-1000 | 2300-4600 | 4100-4400 | - | 2200-4600 | 4100-4400 | - |
Forest | 96-4200 | 800-3000 | 700-2000 | 96-4200 | 900-2700 | 1000-3900 | 2100-4200 | 3200-4100 | 2100-4000 | 2100-4200 | 3200-4100 | 2100-3900 |
Shrub land | 100-5100 | 600-2200 3400-4500 | 2000-3700 | 100-5100 | 2100-4500 | - | 2300-5000 | 4200-4900 | 4000-4100 | 2400-4800 | 4200-4900 | 3900-4100 |
Grassland | 200-5300 | 3700-5300 | 3700-4000 | 1400-5300 | 4300-5100 | - | 2500-5300 | 4400-5000 | 4100-5300 | 2600-5300 | 4400-5000 | 4100-5100 |
Sparse vegetation | 2100-5500 | 4800-5500 | - | 2100-5500 | 4700-5500 | - | 2500-5500 | 5000-5500 | - | 2500-5500 | 5000-5300 | 5100-5300 |
Waterbody | 100-5600 | 200-800 5000-5300 | - | 100-5600 | 200-1000 4800-5600 | - | 2200-5600 | 4100-4500 | - | 2200-5600 | 4100-4600 | - |
Built-up area | 400-700 1400-2400 | 1400-1600 2200-2400 | - | 400-4400 | 1000-2000 | - | 4200-4400 | 4200-4400 | - | 3500-4400 | 4200-4400 | - |
Bare land | Over 200 | 4300-5600 | 4000-5400 | Over 200 | 4400-5700 | 3900-5700 | Over 2200 | 5000-5900 | - | Over 2200 | 4900-5900 | - |
Wetland | Less than 5400 | 200-1700 | - | Less than 5500 | 200-1800 | - | 3500-5700 | 4100-4400 | 5300-5900 | 3500-5700 | 4200-4500 | 5500-6000 |
Glacier and snow cover | Over 3700 | 5000-5900 | Over 5400 | Over 4000 | 5000-6000 | Over 5700 | Over 3600 | 5500-6500 | Over 5900 | Over 3600 | 5600-6500 | Over 6000 |
Land cover on southern slope | Variable | β | S.E. | Wald | Sig (p) | Odds ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glacier and snow cover | TMP | 70.084 | 28.101 | 6.220 | 0.013 | 2.735 |
TMX | 458.526 | 152.815 | 9.003 | 0.003 | 1.366 | |
TMN | -705.254 | 216.345 | 10.627 | 0.001 | 0.000 | |
Forest | PRE | -0.008 | 0.012 | 0.508 | 0.047 | 0.992 |
TMN | 93.948 | 72.954 | 1.658 | 0.019 | 6.326 | |
Cropland | PRE | 0.138 | 0.034 | 16.884 | 0.000 | 1.148 |
TMP | 305.274 | 93.714 | 10.611 | 0.001 | 3.790 | |
TMN | -219.798 | 100.111 | 4.820 | 0.028 | 0.000 | |
TMX | -877.120 | 240.970 | 13.249 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
Bare land | TMN | -120.064 | 61.371 | 3.827 | 0.050 | 0.000 |
TMX | 187.431 | 93.069 | 4.056 | 0.044 | 2.513 | |
Land cover on northern slope | Variable | β | S.E. | Wald | Sig (p) | Odds ratio |
Glacier and snow cover | TMN | 454.324 | 139.590 | 10.593 | 0.001 | 2.043 |
TMX | -759.591 | 180.584 | 17.693 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
Grassland | TMP | -76.096 | 14.043 | 29.365 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
TMN | -271.772 | 155.047 | 3.072 | 0.080 | 0.000 |
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