地理学报(英文版)

›› 2014, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 195-210.doi: 10.1007/s11442-014-1082-6

• Research Articles •    下一篇

Spatiotemporal characteristics, patterns, and caus-es of land-use changes in China since the late 1980s

LIU Jiyuan1, KUANG Wenhui1, ZHANG Zengxiang2, XU Xinliang1, QIN Yuanwei1,3, NING Jia1,3, ZHOU Wancun4, ZHANG Shuwen5, LI Rendong6, YAN Changzhen7, WU Shixin8, SHI Xuezheng9, JIANG Nan10, YU Dongsheng9, PAN Xianzhang9, CHI Wenfeng1,3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China;
    5. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, CAS, Changchun 130012, China;
    6. Wuhan Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China;
    7. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    8. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China;
    9. Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China;
    10. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-21 修回日期:2013-11-07 出版日期:2014-04-15 发布日期:2014-03-24
  • 作者简介:Liu Jiyuan (1947-), Professor, specialized in remote sensing of natural resources and environment, land use and cover change (LUCC) and ecological effect at macro-scale. E-mail：liujy@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    National Basic Research Program of China, No.2010CB950900; No.2014CB954302; National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2013BAC03B00; The Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KSZD-EW-Z-021-02

Spatiotemporal characteristics, patterns, and caus-es of land-use changes in China since the late 1980s

LIU Jiyuan1, KUANG Wenhui1, ZHANG Zengxiang2, XU Xinliang1, QIN Yuanwei1,3, NING Jia1,3, ZHOU Wancun4, ZHANG Shuwen5, LI Rendong6, YAN Changzhen7, WU Shixin8, SHI Xuezheng9, JIANG Nan10, YU Dongsheng9, PAN Xianzhang9, CHI Wenfeng1,3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China;
    5. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, CAS, Changchun 130012, China;
    6. Wuhan Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China;
    7. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    8. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China;
    9. Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China;
    10. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2013-08-21 Revised:2013-11-07 Online:2014-04-15 Published:2014-03-24
  • About author:Liu Jiyuan (1947-), Professor, specialized in remote sensing of natural resources and environment, land use and cover change (LUCC) and ecological effect at macro-scale. E-mail：liujy@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • Supported by:

    National Basic Research Program of China, No.2010CB950900; No.2014CB954302; National Key Technology R&D Program, No.2013BAC03B00; The Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KSZD-EW-Z-021-02

PDF (PC)

赞

摘要：

Land-use/land-cover changes (LUCCs) have links to both human and nature interactions. China's Land-Use/cover Datasets (CLUDs) were updated regularly at 5-year intervals from the late 1980s to 2010,with standard procedures based on Landsat TM\ETM+ images. A land-use dynamic regionalization method was proposed to analyze major land-use conversions. The spatiotemporal characteristics,differences,and causes of land-use changes at a national scale were then examined. The main findings are summarized as follows. Land-use changes (LUCs) across China indicated a significant variation in spatial and temporal characteristics in the last 20 years (1990-2010). The area of cropland change decreased in the south and increased in the north,but the total area remained almost unchanged. The reclaimed cropland was shifted from the northeast to the northwest. The built-up lands expanded rapidly,were mainly distributed in the east,and gradually spread out to central and western China. Woodland decreased first,and then increased,but desert area was the opposite. Grassland continued decreasing. Different spatial patterns of LUC in China were found between the late 20th century and the early 21st century. The original 13 LUC zones were replaced by 15 units with changes of boundaries in some zones. The main spatial characteristics of these changes included (1) an accelerated expansion of built-up land in the Huang-Huai-Hai region,the southeastern coastal areas,the midstream area of the Yangtze River,and the Sichuan Basin;(2) shifted land reclamation in the north from northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia to the oasis agricultural areas in northwest China;(3) continuous transformation from rain-fed farmlands in northeast China to paddy fields;and (4) effectiveness of the "Grain for Green" project in the southern agricultural-pastoral ecotones of Inner Mongolia,the Loess Plateau,and southwestern mountainous areas. In the last two decades,although climate change in the north affected the change in cropland,policy regulation and economic driving forces were still the primary causes of LUC across China. During the first decade of the 21st century,the anthropogenic factors that drove variations in land-use patterns have shifted the emphasis from one-way land development to both development and conservation.The "dynamic regionalization method" was used to analyze changes in the spatial patterns of zoning boundaries,the internal characteristics of zones,and the growth and decrease of units. The results revealed "the pattern of the change process," namely the process of LUC and regional differences in characteristics at different stages. The growth and decrease of zones during this dynamic LUC zoning,variations in unit boundaries,and the characteristics of change intensities between the former and latter decades were examined. The patterns of alternative transformation between the "pattern" and "process" of land use and the causes for changes in different types and different regions of land use were explored.

关键词: satellite remote sensing, land-use change, characteristics, spatial pattern, China

Abstract:

Land-use/land-cover changes (LUCCs) have links to both human and nature interactions. China's Land-Use/cover Datasets (CLUDs) were updated regularly at 5-year intervals from the late 1980s to 2010,with standard procedures based on Landsat TM\ETM+ images. A land-use dynamic regionalization method was proposed to analyze major land-use conversions. The spatiotemporal characteristics,differences,and causes of land-use changes at a national scale were then examined. The main findings are summarized as follows. Land-use changes (LUCs) across China indicated a significant variation in spatial and temporal characteristics in the last 20 years (1990-2010). The area of cropland change decreased in the south and increased in the north,but the total area remained almost unchanged. The reclaimed cropland was shifted from the northeast to the northwest. The built-up lands expanded rapidly,were mainly distributed in the east,and gradually spread out to central and western China. Woodland decreased first,and then increased,but desert area was the opposite. Grassland continued decreasing. Different spatial patterns of LUC in China were found between the late 20th century and the early 21st century. The original 13 LUC zones were replaced by 15 units with changes of boundaries in some zones. The main spatial characteristics of these changes included (1) an accelerated expansion of built-up land in the Huang-Huai-Hai region,the southeastern coastal areas,the midstream area of the Yangtze River,and the Sichuan Basin;(2) shifted land reclamation in the north from northeast China and eastern Inner Mongolia to the oasis agricultural areas in northwest China;(3) continuous transformation from rain-fed farmlands in northeast China to paddy fields;and (4) effectiveness of the "Grain for Green" project in the southern agricultural-pastoral ecotones of Inner Mongolia,the Loess Plateau,and southwestern mountainous areas. In the last two decades,although climate change in the north affected the change in cropland,policy regulation and economic driving forces were still the primary causes of LUC across China. During the first decade of the 21st century,the anthropogenic factors that drove variations in land-use patterns have shifted the emphasis from one-way land development to both development and conservation.The "dynamic regionalization method" was used to analyze changes in the spatial patterns of zoning boundaries,the internal characteristics of zones,and the growth and decrease of units. The results revealed "the pattern of the change process," namely the process of LUC and regional differences in characteristics at different stages. The growth and decrease of zones during this dynamic LUC zoning,variations in unit boundaries,and the characteristics of change intensities between the former and latter decades were examined. The patterns of alternative transformation between the "pattern" and "process" of land use and the causes for changes in different types and different regions of land use were explored.

Key words: satellite remote sensing, land-use change, characteristics, spatial pattern, China