Journal of Geographical Sciences >
Ecological compensation for desertification control: A review
Author: Li Dajing (1993-), specialized in ecological compensation and regional development. E-mail: 695432485@qq.com
*Corresponding author: Xu Duanyang (1983-), PhD, specialized in desertification. E-mail: xudy@igsnrr.ac.cn
Received date: 2017-03-30
Accepted date: 2017-07-18
Online published: 2018-03-10
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.71573245
National Key Research and Development Program of China, No.2016YFC0501002
Copyright
Desertification control is a crucial way to enhancing the ecological conditions of arid and semi-arid regions, and maintaining sustainable development globally. Designing and improving an ecological compensation mechanism for desertification control has great significance related to achieving balance amongst the needs of different economic subjects and the assurance of a sustained and stable supply of desert ecosystem services. In this paper, (1) the theoretical bases of ecological compensation for desertification control were re-analyzed; (2) the research status and challenges of three important topics related to ecological compensation for desertification control were systemically discussed, including compensation standards, ecosystem service supply-consumption process and multi-scale effects, and resource-environment basis and policy orientation; (3) a research framework of ecological compensation for desertification control based on the process of desert ecosystem service supply-flow-consumption was proposed; (4) and finally, seven priority research issues were discussed, which aimed to support ecological compensation policy-making and ecological engineering implementation for desertification control.
LI Dajing , XU Duanyang , WANG Ziyu , DING Xue , SONG Alin . Ecological compensation for desertification control: A review[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2018 , 28(3) : 367 -384 . DOI: 10.1007/s11442-018-1478-9
Figure 1 Research on ecological compensation in different areas of foreign countries in 2000-2015 |
Figure 2 Changes of dust days in Beijing and NDVI in desert area |
Figure 3 Photographs of desertification expansion: (a) Trees had died and removed in the next year after planting due to the absence of management. (b) Grassland desertification is serious due to the excavation of village road. (Photo credit: Duanyang Xu obtained the pictures in October 2011 (a) and August 2016 (b)) |
Table 1 Standard of desert ecosystem service value by different scholars |
Nation | Study area | Assessment content | Total value (yuan/a) | Unit area value (yuan/a·km2) | Literature source | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USA | California desert | Direct, indirect and passive use values | 1.33×109 dollars | Richardson (2005) | ||||
USA | Mojave desert | Direct, indirect and passive use values | 1.42×109 dollars | Kroeger and Manalo (2007) | ||||
World | World | Loss value of land degradation | 6.25×1013 | 4.64×105 | Sutton et al. (2016) | |||
Mexico | Coastal Wetlands | Loss value of land use change | 18.44× 106 | 7.34×103 | Camacho-Valdez et al. (2014) | |||
USA | New Jersey | Loss value of sandy storm | 4.4×109 | 5.57×104 | Hauser et al. (2015) | |||
China | China | Hydrological regulation | 5.51×1012 | 4.15×105 | Xiao et al. (2013) | |||
China | China | Carbon fixation and oxygen release; Nutrient cycling; Sand-stabilization; Water and soil conservation; Biodiversity conservation; Tour etc. | 2.28×1011 | 1.87×105 | Cui (2009) | |||
China | China | Sand-stabilization; Soil conservation; Water resources regulation; Carbon fixation; Biodiversity conservation; landscape recreation etc. | 3.08×1013 | 1.87×107 | Project group (2014) | |||
China | Western region | Carbon fixation and oxygen release; Soil conservation etc. | 5.37×1011 | 0.78×105 | Ren et al. (2007) | |||
China | Ejin Horo Banner in Inner Mongolia | Soil conservation; Climate regulation etc. | 3.3×109 | 5.49×105 | Bai (2003) | |||
China | Shapotou in Ningxia | Carbon fixation and oxygen release; Nutrient cycling; Food supply; Sand-stabilization; Water and soil conservation etc. | 1.55×108 | 1.11×106 | Wang (2015) | |||
China | Ulan Buh in Inner Mongolia | Sand-stabilization | 4.42×109 | 4.87×105 | Gao et al. (2013) | |||
China | Neiman Banner in Inner Mongolia | Gas regulation; Climate regulation; Water conservation; Soil formation and protection; Waste disposal; Biodiversity conservation; Food production; Raw material; Entertainment culture etc. | 1.49×109 | 1.84×106 | Chun (2011) | |||
China | Qiemo Oasis in Xinjiang | Ditto | 2.69×108 | 3.71×105 | Huang et al. (2007) | |||
China | Qitai Oasis in Xinjiang | Ditto | 5.29×108 | 1.23×105 | Peng et al.(2010) | |||
Nation | Study area | Assessment content | Total value (yuan/a) | Unit area value (yuan/a·km2) | Literature source | |||
China | Kuqa River in Xinjiang | Ditto | 1.90×1010 | 3.39×106 | Zhang et al.(2009) | |||
China | Minqin Oasis in Gansu | Ditto | 5.58×108 | 3.72×104 | Yang and Bai (2009) | |||
China | Shapotou in Ningxia | Sand-stabilization | 5.93×108 | 5.29×107 | Yang and Wang (2009) | |||
China | Hotan River Basin in Xinjiang | Organic matter production; Climate regulation; Soil formation and protection; Water regulation; Cleansing of environmental pollution; Biodiversity conservation; Entertainment culture; Wood products; Industry material etc. | 6.72×108 | 2.11×106 | Yang et al. (2006) | |||
China | Horqin in Inner Mongolia | Waste disposal; Soil formation and protection; Water conservation; Climate regulation; Biodiversity conservation; Gas regulation etc. | 1.46×1011 | 2.82×106 | Zhang et al. (2007) | |||
China | Heihe River in Inner Mongolia | Sand-stabilization | 5.31×109 | 4.78×105 | Han et al. (2011) |
Figure 4 The difference of the supply-consumption subjects of desert ecosystem services at different scales |
Figure 5 Distribution of precipitation and afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas of northern China |
Figure 6 Research framework of ecological compensation for desertification control |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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