Journal of Geographical Sciences >
Extreme drought changes in Southwest China from 1960 to 2009
Received date: 2012-06-19
Revised date: 2012-07-12
Online published: 2013-02-07
Based on the daily data of temperature and precipitation of 108 meteorological stations in Southwest China from 1960 to 2009, we calculate the monthly and yearly surface humid indexes, as well as the extreme drought frequency. According to the data, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the extreme drought frequency in inter-annual, inter-decadal, summer monsoon period and winter monsoon period are analyzed. The results are indicated as follows. (1) In general, the southwestern Sichuan Basin, southern Hengduan Mountains, southern coast of Guangxi and northern Guizhou are the areas where the extreme drought frequency has significantly increased in the past 50 years. As for the decadal change, from the 1960s to the 1980s the extreme drought frequency has presented a decreasing trend, while the 1990s is the wettest decade and the whole area is turning wet. In the 2000s, the extreme drought frequency rises quickly, but the regional differences reduce. (2) During summer monsoon period, the extreme drought frequency is growing, which generally occurs in the high mountains around the Sichuan Basin, most parts of Guangxi and “the broom-shaped mountains” in Yunnan. It is distinct that the altitude has impacts on the extreme drought frequency; during winter monsoon period, the area is relatively wet and the extreme drought frequency is decreasing. (3) During summer monsoon period, the abrupt change is observed in 2003, whereas the abrupt change during winter monsoon period is in 1989. The annual extreme drought frequency variation is a superposition of abrupt changes during summer monsoon and winter monsoon periods. The departure sequence vibration of annual extreme drought frequency is quasi-5 years and quasi-12 years.
Key words: Southwest China; extreme drought; summer monsoon; winter monsoon
ZHANG Mingjun, HE Jinyun, WANG Baolong, WANG Shengjie, LI Shanshan, LIU Wenli, MA Xuening . Extreme drought changes in Southwest China from 1960 to 2009[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2013 , 23(1) : 3 -16 . DOI: 10.1007/s11442-013-0989-7
Aguilar E, Barry A, Brunet M et al., 2009. Changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in western central Africa, Guinea Conakry, and Zimbabwe, 1955-2006. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, D02115, doi: 10.1029/2008JD011010.
Changnon S A, Pielke R A, Changnon D et al., 2000. Human factors explain the increased losses from weather and climate extremes. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81(3): 437-442.
Chen Xiaoguang, Declan Conway, Chen Xiaojuan et al., 2008. Trends of extreme precipitation events in Ningxia during 1961-2005. Advances in Climate Change Research, 4(3): 156-160. (in Chinese)
Cui Linli, Shi Jun, Zhou Weidong, 2009. Characteristics of extreme temperature variations and their response to urbanization in Shanghai. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 29(1): 93-97. (in Chinese)
Easterling D R, Evans J L, Groismman P Ya et al., 2000. Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81(3): 417-425.
Fleitmann D, Burns S J, Neff U et al., 2004. Palaeoclimatic interpretation of high-resolution oxygen isotope profiles derived from annually laminated speleothems from southern Oman. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23: 935-945.
Hao Chunfeng, Jia Yangwen, 2010. Analysis on characteristics and rules of climate change of Haihe River Basin in recent 50 years. Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 8(1): 39-43, 51. (in Chinese)
He Yaoqi, Wang Yongjin, Kong Xinggong et al., 2005. High resolution stalagmite δ18O record over the past 1000 years from Dongge Cave in Guizhou. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(10): 1003-1008.
Heino R, Brazdil R, Forland E et al., 1999. Progress in the study of climatic extremes in Northern and Central Europe. Climate Change, 42: 151-181.
Hu Haoran, Mao Xiaoliang, Liang Ling, 2009. Temporal and spatial variations of extreme precipitation events of flood season over Sichuan Basin in last 50 years. Acta Geographica Sinica, 64(3): 278-288. (in Chinese)
Hundecha Y, Bardossy A, 2005. Trends in daily precipitation and temperature extremes across western Germany in the second half of the 20th century. International Journal of Climatology, 25: 1189-1202.
Ji Zhongping, Gu Dejun, Xie Jiongguang, 1999. Multiple time scales analysis of climate variation in Guangzhou during the last 100 years. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 15(1): 48-55. (in Chinese)
Jiang Dabang, Wang Huijun, 2005. Natural interdecadal weakening of East Asian summer monsoon in the late 20th century. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(17): 1923-1929.
Klein Tank A M G, Peterson T C, Quadir D A et al., 2006. Changes in daily temperature and precipitation extremes in central and south Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D16105, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006316.
Li Jianping, Zeng Qingcun, 2003. A new monsoon index and the geographical distribution of the global monsoons. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 20(2): 299-302.
Ma Zhuguo, Fu Congbin, Ren Xiaobo et al., 2003a. Trend of annual extreme temperature and its relationship to regional warming in northern China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 58(suppl.): 11-20. (in Chinese)
Ma Zhuguo, Hua Lijuan, Ren Xiaobo, 2003b. The extreme dry/wet events in northern China during recent 100 years. Acta Geographica Sinica, 58(suppl.): 69-74. (in Chinese)
Mantou M J, Della-Marta P M, Haylock M R et al., 2001. Trend in extreme daily rainfall and temperature in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific: 1961-1998. International Journal of Climatology, 21(3): 269-284.
Mao Fei, Zhang Guangzhi, Xu Xiangde, 2000. Several methods of calculating the reference evapotranspiration and comparison of their results. Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology, 11(suppl.): 128-136. (in Chinese)
Qian Weihong, Fu Jiaolan, Zhang Weiwei et al., 2007. Changes in mean climate and extreme climate in China during the last 40 years. Advances in Earth Science, 22(7): 673-684. (in Chinese)
Ren Zhaoxia, Yang Dayuan, 2007. Study on trends of extreme climate change in the arid region of Northwest China in recent 40 years. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 21(4): 10-13. (in Chinese)
Roy S S, Balling R C, 2004. Trends in extreme daily precipitation indices in India. International Journal of Climatology, 24: 457-466.
Schmidli J, Frei C, 2005. Trends of heavy precipitation and wet and dry spells in Switzerland during the 20th century. International Journal of Climatology, 25: 753-771.
Shi Yafeng, Shen Yongping, Hu Ruji, 2002. Preliminary study on signal, impact and foreground of climatic shift from warm-dry to warm-humid in Northwest China. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 24(3): 219-226. (in Chinese)
Su Buda, Marco Gemmer, Jiang Tong et al., 2007. Probability distribution of precipitation extremes over the Yangtze River Basin during 1960-2005. Advances in Climate Change Research, 3(4): 208-213. (in Chinese)
Vincent L A, Peterson T C, Barros V R et al., 2005. Observed trends in indices of daily temperature extremes in South America 1960-2000. Journal of Climate, 18: 5011-5023.
Wang Baolong, Zhang Mingjun, Wei Junlin et al., 2012. Change in extreme events of temperature and precipitation over Xinjiang, Northwest China, during 1960-2009. Quaternary International, doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2012.09.010.
Wang Bin, Ding Qinghua, 2006. Changes in global monsoon precipitation over the past 56 years. Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L06711, doi: 10.1029/2005 GL025347.
Wang Huijun, 2001. The weakening of the Asian monsoon circulation after the end of 1970’s. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 18: 376-386.
Wang Huijun, 2002. Instability of the East Asian summer monsoon-ENSO relations. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 19: 1-11.
Xiao Yan, 2010. Research on the temporal and spatial features of extreme precipitation event in Xiangjiang River Basin in recent 48 years
[D]. Changsha: Hunan Normal University. (in Chinese)
Yan Zhongwei, Yang Chi, 2000. Geographic patterns of extreme climate changes in China during 1951-1997. Climatic and Environment Research, 5(3): 267-272. (in Chinese)
Yang Lianmei, 2003. Climate change of extreme precipitation in Xinjiang. Acta Geographica Sinica, 58(4): 577-583. (in Chinese)
Yang Xia, Zhao Yizhou, Li Yuanyuan et al., 2009. Extreme weather events in Urumqi and their relation with regional climate change. Arid Land Geography, 32(6): 867-873. (in Chinese)
Yang Xunlin, Zhang Pingzhong, Chen Fahu et al., 2007. Modern stalagmite oxygen isotopic composition and its implications of climatic change from a high-elevation cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau over the past 50 years. Chinese Science Bulletin, 52(9): 1238-1247.
Ye Xiang, 2008. Analysis of anomaly characteristics on extreme temperature and extreme precipitation over Chongqing during 1961-2006
[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology. (in Chinese)
Zeng Hongling, Gao Xinquan, 2002. Analyses on interdecadal change characteristics of global winter and summer sea surface pressure field and 500 hPa height field in recent twenty years. Plateau Meteorology, 21(1): 66-73. (in Chinese)
Zhai Panmao, Pan Xiaohua, 2003. Change in extreme temperature and precipitation over northern China during the second half of the 20th century. Acta Geographica Sinica, 58(suppl.): 1-10. (in Chinese)
Zhang Ning, 2007. An analysis on change of trend coefficient of extreme climate events in China
[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology. (in Chinese)
Zhang Ting, Wei Fengying, 2009. Probability distribution of precipitation extremes during raining seasons in South China. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 67(3): 442-451. (in Chinese)
Zhao Ji, 1997. Chinese Physical Geography. 3rd ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press. (in Chinese)
Zolina O, Simmer C, Gulev S K et al., 2010. Changing structure of European precipitation: Longer wet periods leading to more abundant rainfalls. Geophysical Research Letter, 37, L06704, doi: 10.1029/2010GL042468.
/
〈 | 〉 |