Journal of Geographical Sciences >
Alpine wetlands in the Lhasa River Basin, China
Received date: 2009-06-06
Revised date: 2009-10-08
Online published: 2010-06-15
The Lhasa River Basin is one of the typical distribution regions of alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau. It is very important to get a better understanding of the background and characteristics of alpine wetland for monitoring, protection and utilization. Wetland construction and distribution in the basin were analyzed based on multi-source data including field investigation data, CBERS remote sensing data and other thematic data provided by 3S technology. The results are (1) the total area of wetlands is 209,322.26 hm2, accounting for 6.37% of the total land area of the basin. The wetlands are mainly dominated by natural wetland, with artificial wetland occupying only 1.09% of the wetland area; marsh wetland is the principal part of natural wetland, dominated by Kobresia littledalei swampy meadow which is distributed in the river source area and upstream of Chali, Damshung and Medro Gongkar counties. The ratio and type of wetlands in different counties differ significantly, which are widely distributed in Chali and Damshung counties (accounting for 62% of the total wetland area). (2) The concentrated vertical distribution of wetlands is at an elevation of 3600–5100 m. The wetlands are widely distributed throughout the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley from river source to river mouth into the Yarlung Zangbo River. Marsh wetland is dominant in the source area and upstream of the river, with the mosaic distribution of lakes, Kobresia littledalei and Carex moorcroftii swampy meadow, shrubby swamp and river; as for the middle-down streams, the primary types are river wetland and flooded wetland. The distribution is in a mosaic pattern of river, Kobresia humilis and Carex moorcroftii swampy meadow, Phragmites australis and subordinate grass marsh, flooded wetland and artificial wetland.
ZHANG Yili, WANG Chunlian, BAI Wanqi, WANG Zhaofeng, TU Yanli, YANGJAEN Dor Gka . Alpine wetlands in the Lhasa River Basin, China[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2010 , 20(3) : 375 -388 . DOI: 10.1007/s11442-010-0375-7
[1] Bai Junhong, Ouyang Hua, Cui Baoshan et al., 2008. Changes in landscape pattern of alpine wetlands on the Zoige Plateau in the past four decades. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 28(5): 2245–2252. (in Chinese)
[2] Bai Junhong, Oyang Hua, Xu Huifeng et al., 2004. Advances in studies of wetlands in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Progress in Geography, 23(4): 1–9. (in Chinese)
[3] Brinson M M, Malvarez A I, 2002. Temperate freshwater wetlands: Types, status, and threats. Environmental Conservation, 29(2): 115–133.
[4] Brooks R P, Wardrop D H, Bishop J A, 2004. Assessing wetland condition on a watershed basis in the Mid-Atlantic Region using synoptic land-cover maps. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 94(1–3): 9–22.
[5] Cai Dihua, Guo Ni, Han Tao, 2007. Dynamically monitoring the high-cold swamp and wetland in 1990–2001 in Maqu by means of remote sensing. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 29(6): 874–881. (in Chinese)
[6] Canada National Wetlands Working Group, 1997. The Canadian wetland classification system. 2nd ed. In: Warner B G, Rubec C D A eds. Wetlands Research Centre. Ontario: University of Waterloo.
[7] Cao Shengkui, Tan Hongbin, Wang Xiaomei et al., 2005. Probe to the models of protecting and exploiting Qinghai- Tibet Plateau wetland. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 19(4): 109–113. (in Chinese)
[8] Chai Xiu, Lang Huiqing, Jin Shuzhong et al., 1965. Marsh of Ruoergai Plateau. Beijing: Science Press. (in Chinese)
[9] Chen Jianwei, Huang Guilin, 1995. Discussion of classification system and circumscriptions for wetland types in China. Forest Resource Management, (5): 65–71. (in Chinese)
[10] Chen Yiyu, 1995. Research of Wetlands in China. Changchun: Jilin Science and Technology Press. (in Chinese)
[11] Chu Duo, Zhang Yili, Zheng Du, 2006. Land use change in Lhasa area, Tibet from 1990 to 2000. Acta Geographica Sinica, 61(10): 1075–1083. (in Chinese)
[12] Cowardin L M, Golet F C, 1995. US-Fish-and-Wildlife-Service 1979 wetland classification: A review. Plant Ecology, 118(1/2): 139–152.
[13] Dale White, Siobhan Fennessy, 2005. Modeling the suitability of wetland restoration potential at the watershed scale. Ecological Engineering, 24(4): 359–337.
[14] Gong Tongliang, Liu Changming, Liu Jingshi, 2006. Hydrological response of Lhasa River to climate change and permafrost degradation in Xizang. Acta Geographica Sinica, 61(5): 519–526. (in Chinese)
[15] Gopal B, Sah M, 1995. Inventory and classification of wetlands in India. Vegetation, 118: 39–48.
[16] Kwi Gon, Mi Young Park, Hee Sun Choi, 2006. Developing a wetland-type classification system in the Republic of Korea. Landsc Ecol. Eng., 2: 93–110.
[17] Lin Xuedong, Zhang Yili, Yao Zhijun et al., 2008. Trend analysis of the runoff variation in Lhasa River in Tibetan Plateau since 1956. Journal Geographical Sciences, 18(1): 95–106.
[18] Liu Hongyu, Bai Yunfang, 2006. Changing process and mechanism of wetland resources in Ruoergai Plateau, China. Journal of Natural Resources, 21(5): 810–818. (in Chinese)
[19] Liu Hongyu, Li Zhaofu, 2006. Spatial gradients of wetland landscape and their influential factors in watershed. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 26(1): 213–222. (in Chinese)
[20] Liu Houtian, 1995. Definition and classification of wetland. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 14(4): 73–77. (in Chinese)
[21] Liu Zigang, Ma Xuehui, 2006. Classification of wetland. Wetland Science & Management, 2(1): 60–63. (in Chinese)
[22] Mc Dougall K L, 2003. Aerial photographic interpretation of vegetation changes on the Bogong High Plains, Victoria, between 1936 and 1980. Australian Journal of Botany, 51(3): 251–256.
[23] Mitsch WJ, Gosselink J G, 1993. Wetlands. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Ni Jinren, Yin Kangqian, Zhao Zhijie, 1998.Comprehensive classification for wetlands (I): Classification. Journal of Natural Resources, 13(3): 214–221. (in Chinese)
[24] Niu Zhenguo, Gong Peng, Cheng Xiao et al., 2009. Primary remote sensing mapping and geographical characteristic analysis of wetland in China. Science of China (Series D), 39(2): 188–203. (in Chinese)
[25] Pan Jinghu, Wang Jian, Wang Jianhua, 2007. Dynamic change of frigid wetlands in Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers. Wetland Science, 5(4): 298–304. (in Chinese)
[26] Pressey R L, Adam R, 1995. A review of wetland inventory and classification in Australia. Vegetation, 118: 81–101.
[27] Qiong Ciren, La Qiong, 2000. Primary study of Lalu wetland in Lhasa city. Journal of Tibet University, 15(4): 40–41.
[28] Scott D A, Jones T A, 1995. Classification and inventory of wetlands: A global overview. Vegetation, 118: 3–16.
[29] Tang Xiaoping, Huang Guilin, 2003. Study on classification system for wetlands types in China. Forest Research, 16(5): 531–539. (in Chinese)
[30] The Ramsar Convention Bureau, 2000. Ramsar Handbook for the Wise Use of Wetlands. Tian Yingbing, Xiong Mingbiao, Song Guangyu, 2004. Study on change of soil organic matter in the process of wetland ecological restoration in Ruoergai Plateau. Wetland Science, 2(2): 88–93. (in Chinese)
[31] Wang Genxu, Li Yuanshou, Wang Yibo et al., 2007. Typical alpine wetland system changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in recent 40 years. Acta Geographica Sinica, 62(5): 481–491. (in Chinese)
[32] Wu Huizhi, Jiang Qigang, Cheng Bin, 2007. Study of dynamic changes of lakes in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on remote sensing and GIS. Global Geology, 26(1): 66–70. (in Chinese)
[33] Zhang Bai, 1996. Application of remote sensing technology on research of the wetland in China. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 11(1): 68–71. (in Chinese)
[34] Zhang Yili, Li Xiubin, Fu Xiaofeng et al., 2000. Urban land use change in Lhasa. Acta Geographica Sinica, 55(4): 395–406. (in Chinese)
[35] Zhao Kuiyi, 1988. Marsh of China. Beijing: Science Press. (in Chinese)
[36] Zheng Jie, 2008. Discussion on establishing ecological protection and compensation system of plateau wetland Qinghai Technology, (2): 10–12. (in Chinese)
[37] Zhu Wanze, Zhong Xianghao, Fan Jianrong, 2003. The characteristics and conservational measures of wetlands ecosystem in Tibet. Journal of Mountain Science, 21: 7–12. (in Chinese)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |