Process and cause of urban-rural development transformation in the Bohai Rim Region, China

doi:10.1007/s11442-014-1144-9

Abstract

Abstract:

China’s reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization, but also exacerbated the situation of the urban-rural dual structure. Based on the review of current studies, we first used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to evaluate the urban-rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial transformation index and social transformation index between 1996 and 2012 around the Bohai Rim Region. Then, based on the results of each index, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban-rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran’s I index and Local Moran’s I index. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of change of the urban-rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing five main factors: (1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities, (2) the acceleration of the urbanization process, (3) the upgrading of the industrial structure, (4) the publishing and implementation of a macro development strategy and regional policy, and (5) natural factors such as topology.

Key words: urban-rural development transformation, urbanization, village-town construction, Bohai Rim Region, analytic hierarchy process, ESDA

Yansui LIU, Zhichao HU, Yuheng LI. Process and cause of urban-rural development transformation in the Bohai Rim Region, China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2014, 24(6): 1147-1160.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Urban-rural development transformation evaluation system"

Target layer	Criterion layer	Calculation formula	Weight	Direction
Population Transformation Index (PTI)	Urbanization	Urban permanent resident population / regional total population	0.26	+
	Proportion of labor force	Population between age 15-64 / total regional population	0.25	+
	Average education level	(Total educated years of specific age groups / total population of these specific age groups) *100%	0.25	+
	Degree of population aging	Population above age 65 / total regional population	0.24	-
Land Transformation Index (LTI)	Proportion of construction land	Construction land area / total regional area	0.42	+
	Proportion of cultivated land	Cultivated area / regional total area	0.39	-
	Proportion of rural construction land	Countryside homestead area / construction land area	0.19	-
Industrial Transformation Index (ITI)	Structure of non-agricultural output	Added values of secondary and tertiary industry/ Regional GDP	0.40	+
	Structure of non- agricultural employment	Employed population in secondary and tertiary industry / total employed population	0.36	+
	Level of agricultural mechanization	Total power of agricultural machinery / total cultivated area	0.24	+
Social Transformation Index (STI)	Regional GDP per capita	Regional GDP / total regional population	0.24	+
	Living consumption level	Total retail sales of consumer goods / total regional population	0.18	+
	Income level of rural residents (INCOR)	Net income per capita of rural residents	0.16	+
	Medical and health condition of residents	Number of beds in health institutions per 10,000 persons	0.14	+
	Social security conditions	Number of beds in social welfare institutions per 10,000 persons	0.12	+
	Income gap between urban and rural residents	Average wages of employed population in urban institutions / net income per capita of rural residents	0.16	-

Table 1

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Table 2

Figure 6

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Index	UDTI change	PTI change	LTI change	ITI change	STI change
Global Moran’s I	0.13	0.31	0.27	0.04	0.33
Z value	5.20	12.27	10.88	1.59	13.10

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