Evaluation of ontological value of regional tourism resources: A case study of Hainan Island, China

doi:10.1007/s11442-021-1883-3

Abstract

Abstract:

Evaluation of tourism resources is necessary for tourism regionalization and planning and for the development of tourism destinations. Furthermore, the scientific evaluation of the status of existing tourism resources is important for optimally combining and rationally developing regional tourism resources. In this study, a conceptual model for estimating the ontological value of tourism resources was developed and an evaluation indicator system was designed for the ontological value. On the basis of the quantitative and spatial characteristics of regional tourism resources, six indicators were constructed: quantitative density, richness, dominance, combination, aggregation, and accessibility. Furthermore, spatial differentiation characteristics of the ontological value indicators of county-level tourism resources on Hainan Island were analyzed, and the ontological value of the tourism resources was comprehensively evaluated and ranked by using a fuzzy clustering evaluation method. Finally, the evaluation results were verified on the basis of the quantity, quality, and accessibility of regional tourism resources by using an expert scoring method. The results showed that the test results were consistent with the inferences drawn from the ontological value, indicating that the evaluation indicator system is scientific and reliable and that it is an effective alternative to existing evaluation indexes of regional tourism resources, which are inconsistent. The fuzzy clustering evaluation method overcomes the subjectivity in the evaluation process and is practical for the quantitative evaluation of regional tourism resources. The evaluation indicator system for regional tourism resources designed in this study can provide a reference for the evaluation of the tourism resource development value on a regional scale, and the evaluation results can facilitate informed policymaking for the rational development of regional tourism resources.

Key words: ontological value, indicator system, evaluation of regional tourism resources, Hainan Island, China

ZHANG Tongyan, WANG Yingjie, ZHANG Shengrui, WANG Yingying, YU Hu. Evaluation of ontological value of regional tourism resources: A case study of Hainan Island, China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2021, 31(7): 1015-1038.

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Evaluation factor	Quantitative characteristics indicator	Calculation method	Method description
Quantity	Scalability	${{S}_{r}}=m/A$	The quantity of tourism resources per unit area in a region (district, county, and city). In the formula, S_r is the quantitative density, m is the total quantity of regional tourism resources, and A is the area.
Type	Richness	${{R}_{r}}=n/N$	The proportion of fundamental types of tourism resources in cities and counties. In the formula, R_r is the type abundance, n is the number of fundamental types in the region, and N is the total number of fundamental types in the province.
Quality	Dominance	${{D}_{r}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{5}{\mathop \sum }}\,{{w}_{i}}\times {{m}_{i}}/m$	The proportion of tourism resources at all levels in the region. In the formula, D_r is the quality proportion, i is the level of tourism resources, w_i is the weight of level i (level 5 is 1.0, level 4 is 0.7, level 3 is 0.5, level 2 is 0.2, and level 1 is 0.1), m_i is the quantity of tourism resources of level i, and m is the total quantity of regional tourism resources.

Main type	Subtype
Geographical landscapes	Natural landscape complex
	Geographical and structural features
	Surface morphology
	Natural markers and natural phenomena
Water landscapes	River system
	Lake marsh
	Groundwater
	Sea surface
	River or lake
Biological landscapes	Vegetation landscape
Biological landscapes	Wildlife habitat
Astronomical phenomena and meteorological landscapes	Astronomical phenomena
Astronomical phenomena and meteorological landscapes	Weather and climate phenomena
Buildings and facilities	Human landscape complex
	Practical buildings and core facilities
	Landscape and sketch architecture
Ruins and remains	Material cultural relics
Ruins and remains	Intangible cultural remains
Tourism commodities	Agricultural products
	Industrial products
	Handmade crafts
Human activities	Personnel activity record
Human activities	Season
Ocean and coastal landscapes	Coastal landscape
Ocean and coastal landscapes	Marine landscape

Score interval	Grade of tourism resources
≥90	Level five
75-89	Level four
60-74	Level three
45-59	Level two
30-44	Level one

Panel composition	Number of participants	Weight
Tourism experts	6	0.4
Geography experts	6	0.3
Local government tourism managers	18	0.2
Census enumerators	30	0.1