Journal of Geographical Sciences ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 747-762.doi: 10.1007/s11442-021-1869-1
Seth SCHINDLER1(), Mustafa Kemal BAYIRBAĞ2, GAO Boyang3,*(
)
Received:
2020-12-17
Accepted:
2021-03-06
Online:
2021-05-25
Published:
2021-07-25
Contact:
GAO Boyang
E-mail:seth.schindler@manchester.ac.uk;cufegaoboyang@163.com
About author:
Seth Schindler, Senior Lecturer, specialized in urban development and transformation, specialized in urban geography and regional studies. E-mail: seth.schindler@manchester.ac.uk
Supported by:
Seth SCHINDLER, Mustafa Kemal BAYIRBAĞ, GAO Boyang. Incorporating the Istanbul-Ankara high-speed railway into the Belt and Road Initiative: Negotiation, institutional alignment and regional development[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2021, 31(5): 747-762.
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Table 1
Key turning points/developments in the (political-economic) relations between Turkey and China"
Year | Key development/issue |
---|---|
1971 | Diplomatic relations established |
1992 | Turkey-PRC Business Council established |
1997 | Turkey’s disillusionment with the EU’s Luxemburg Meeting |
2000 | Trade volume between Turkey and China surpasses $1 billion |
2005 | Chinese firms won the bid for Istanbul-Ankara HSR project |
2010 | Wen Jiabao visits Ankara and the two countries establish a strategic partnership |
2012 | Monetary swap agreement |
2014 | Istanbul-Ankara HSR in service |
2015 | Erdoğan visits Beijing (third meeting with Xi Jinping) |
2015 | MoU signed for the BRI cooperation |
2017 | The central component of the Middle Corridor, the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway in service |
2019 | Monetary Swap Agreement renewed |
Table 2
Key developments in the history of the project"
Year | Key development |
---|---|
2003 | The HSR Project was formulated by the Turkish government |
2005 | The bid was won by Chinese companies |
2006 | Contract signed, 1.27 billion USD |
2006 | The EIB disburses the first installment |
2007 | China Exim Bank disburses loan of 720 million USD |
2008 | Construction begins |
2011 | EIB disburses second tranche |
2013 | EIB disburses third tranche |
2014 | Project completed |
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