Journal of Geographical Sciences ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 1603-1616.doi: 10.1007/s11442-020-1802-z
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
CHENG Mingyang1(), LI Linna1, ZHOU Yang1,2,3,*(
)
Received:
2019-09-11
Accepted:
2020-03-22
Online:
2020-10-25
Published:
2020-10-27
Contact:
ZHOU Yang
E-mail:201731190023@mail.bnu.edu.cn;zhouyang@igsnrr.ac.cn
About author:
Cheng Mingyang (1988–), PhD Candidate, specialized in land use and urban-rural development. E-mail: 201731190023@mail.bnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
CHENG Mingyang, LI Linna, ZHOU Yang. Exploring the urban-rural development differences and influencing factors in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(10): 1603-1616.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks
Table 1
Indicators of the urban-rural difference index"
Destination layer | Criteria layer | Index layer | Weights |
---|---|---|---|
Urban development | Urban population | Proportion of workers to the total urban population in secondary and tertiary industries | 0.50 |
Disposable income of urban residents | 0.50 | ||
Urban land | Intensive level of land use in urban built-up areas (person/km2) | 0.51 | |
Secondary and tertiary industrial output value per km2 in urban built-up areas | 0.49 | ||
Urban industry | Urban per capita output value of secondary and tertiary industries (yuan per capita) | 1.00 | |
Rural development | Rural population | Proportion of rural workers to the total rural population | 0.50 |
Disposable income of rural residents | 0.50 | ||
Rural land | Intensive level of land use in rural settlements (person/km2) | 0.51 | |
Grain output value per km2 of cultivated land | 0.49 | ||
Rural industry | Output value per capita of rural primary industry | 1.00 |
Table 2
Indicators of the factors influencing urban-rural development"
Factors | Index layer | Weights |
---|---|---|
Road network coverage level | Highway length per km2 | 0.20 |
National road length per km2 | 0.26 | |
Provincial road length per km2 | 0.23 | |
County road length per km2 | 0.28 | |
Railway length per km2 | 0.13 | |
Natural factors | County average slope | |
Economic factors | County per capita GDP | 0.40 |
County per capita public finance income | 0.30 | |
County per capita taxes | 0.30 | |
Social factors | County per capita social welfare homes | 0.31 |
County per capita medical and health beds | 0.36 | |
Proportion of students to the county population | 0.33 |
Table 3
Grading standards for urban-rural development"
Urban-rural population | Urban-rural land | Urban-rural industry | Development level | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UPi | RPi | ULi | RLi | UIi | RIi | |
[0, 0.3] | [0, 0.3] | [0, 0.3] | [0, 0.3] | [0, 0.3] | [0, 0.3] | Low |
(0.3, 0.6] | (0.3, 0.6] | (0.3, 0.6] | (0.3, 0.6] | (0.3, 0.6] | (0.3, 0.6] | Medium |
(0.6, 1] | (0.6, 1] | (0.6, 1] | (0.6, 1] | (0.6, 1] | (0.6, 1] | High |
Table 4
Proportion of different types of urban-rural population-land-industry in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in 2015"
Development type | Urban-rural population (%) | Urban-rural land (%) | Urban-rural industry (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Low-level urban-rural development | 9.33 (28) | 13.33 (40) | 83.67 (251) |
Low-level urban development and medium-level rural development | 28.67 (86) | 48.00 (144) | 6.00 (18) |
Low-level urban development and high-level rural development | 0.33 (1) | 7.33 (22) | 0.33 (1) |
Medium-level urban development and low-level rural development | 5.00 (15) | 6.33 (19) | 7.00 (21) |
Medium-level urban-rural development | 49.67 (149) | 18.00 (54) | 1.33 (4) |
Medium-level urban development and high-level rural development | 6.33 (19) | 4.33 (13) | 0.67 (2) |
High-level urban development and low-level rural development | 0 | 1.00 (3) | 1.00 (3) |
High-level urban development and medium-level rural development | 0.33 (1) | 1.67 (5) | 0 |
High-level urban-rural development | 0.33 (1) | 0 | 0 |
1 | Chen C , 2015. Spatio-temporal pattern change and optimized approach of urban-rural equalized development in China[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. (in Chinese) |
2 | Chen M X, Huang Y B, Tang Z P et al., 2014. The provincial pattern of the relationship between urbanization and economic development in China. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 24(1):33-45. |
3 | Fang H, Chen J, Rizzo J A , 2009. Explaining urban-rural health disparities in China. Medical Care, 47(12):1209-1216. |
4 | Filani M O , 1993. Transport and rural development in Nigeria. Journal of Transport Geography, 1(4):248-254. |
5 | Gren Å, Andersson E , 2018. Being efficient and green by rethinking the urban-rural divide: Combining urban expansion and food production by integrating an ecosystem service perspective into urban planning. Sustainable Cities and Society, 40(7):75-82. |
6 | Hao L, Hu A, Lo J , 2014. Two aspects of the rural-urban divide and educational stratification in China: A trajectory analysis. Comparative Education Review, 58(3):509-536. |
7 | Haas T, Westlund H , 2018. In the Post-urban World: Emergent Transformation of Cities and Regions in the Innovative Global Economy. London: Routledge Press. |
8 | Henderson J V, Wang H G , 2005. Aspects of the rural-urban transformation of countries. Journal of Economic Geography, 5(1):23-42. |
9 | Li Y H, Liu Y S , 2013. Investigation of the resource & environment issues in the urban-rural transition in China. Economic Geography, 33(1):61-65. (in Chinese) |
10 | Li Y R, Liu Y S, Long H L , 2011. Study on the pattern and types of rural development in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. Geographical Research, 30(9):1637-1647. (in Chinese) |
11 | Liang X C, Ming X D, Ling Z X , 2004. Evaluation of urban-rural integration course in northeast China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 24(3):320-325. (in Chinese) |
12 | Liu Y S , 2018. Research on the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization in the new era in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 73(4):2-14. (in Chinese) |
13 | Liu Y S, Li Y H , 2017. Revitalize the world’s countryside. Nature, 548(7667):275-277. |
14 | Liu Y S, Li Y R, Chen Y F et al., 2010. The process and driving forces of rural hollowing in China under rapid urbanization. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 20(6):876-888. |
15 | Long H L, Liu Y S, Li X B et al., 2010. Building new countryside in China: A geographical perspective. Land Use Policy, 27(2):457-470. |
16 | Magnani E, Zhu R , 2012. Gender wage differentials among rural-urban migrants in China. Regional Science & Urban Economics, 42(5):779-793. |
17 | Makita K, Fèvre E M, Waiswa C et al., 2010. Population-dynamics focussed rapid rural mapping and characterisation of the peri-urban interface of Kampala, Uganda. Land Use Policy, 27(3):888-897. |
18 | National Bureau of Statistics(China), 2016. Statistical Yearbook of China’s Counties 2016. Beijing: China Statistics Press. (in Chinese) |
19 | Qian X, Smyth R , 2008. Measuring regional inequality of education in China: Widening coast-inland gap or widening rural-urban gap? Journal of International Development, 20(2):132-144. |
20 | Shi Y, Guo F, Nipper J , 2004. A comparative study on integration of urban and rural areas between the developed areas in China and Germany: A case study of Yangtze Delta and the lower reaches of Rhine. Human Geography, 19(2):25-29. (in Chinese) |
21 | Tam T J J , 2015. Divergent urban-rural trends in college attendance: State policy bias and structural exclusion in China. Sociology of Education, 88(2):160-180. |
22 | Xu H S, Ma C, Lian J J et al., 2018. Urban flooding risk assessment based on an integrated k-means cluster algorithm and improved entropy weight method in the region of Haikou, China. Journal of Hydrology, 563(8):975-986. |
23 | Yan J M, Chen H, Xia F Z , 2018. Toward improved land elements for urban-rural integration: A cell concept of an urban-rural mixed community. Habitat International, 77:110-120. |
24 | Yang D T, Zhou H , 1999. Rural-urban disparity and sectoral labour allocation in China. Journal of Development Studies, 35(3):105-133. |
25 | Yang R , 2016. Spatial coupling cooperative analysis of road transport superiority and urbanization at county level in China. Progress in Geography, 35(7):806-815. (in Chinese) |
26 | Yu W, Jiang X , 2016. The third-type settlement: Research of unified urban and rural living organisms and its interaction design. In: Design, User Experience, and Usability: Novel User Experiences. Berlin: Springer International Publishing. |
27 | Zheng W Z, Zheng X B , 2013. The space-time evolutional pattern of core town’s function to the integration of urban and rural areas: Theory and evidence. Economic Geography, 33(6):79-83. (in Chinese) |
28 | Zhu Y , 2011. Difference of urban-rural residents’ income and consumption in Chongqing City from 2000 to 2009. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 39(24):15104-15107. (in Chinese) |
[1] | WEI Wei, GUO Zecheng, SHI Peiji, ZHOU Liang, WANG Xufeng, LI Zhenya, PANG Sufei, XIE Binbin. Spatiotemporal changes of land desertification sensitivity in northwest China from 2000 to 2017 [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2021, 31(1): 46-68. |
[2] | MA Bin, ZHANG Bo, JIA Lige. Spatio-temporal variation in China’s climatic seasons from 1951 to 2017 [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(9): 1387-1400. |
[3] | LIU Xiaojing, LIU Dianfeng, ZHAO Hongzhuo, HE Jianhua, LIU Yaolin. Exploring the spatio-temporal impacts of farmland reforestation on ecological connectivity using circuit theory: A case study in the agro-pastoral ecotone of North China [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(9): 1419-1435. |
[4] | WU Li, SUN Xiaoling, SUN Wei, ZHU Cheng, ZHU Tongxin, LU Shuguang, ZHOU Hui, GUO Qingchun, GUAN Houchun, XIE Wei, KE Rui, LIN Guiping. Evolution of Neolithic site distribution (9.0-4.0 ka BP) in Anhui, East China [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(9): 1451-1466. |
[5] | YE Chao, LI Simeng, ZHANG Zhao, ZHU Xiaodan. A comparison and case analysis between domestic and overseas industrial parks of China since the Belt and Road Initiative [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(8): 1266-1282. |
[6] | WANG Xueqin, LIU Shenghe, QI Wei. Mega-towns in China: Their spatial distribution features and growth mechanisms [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1060-1082. |
[7] | YANG Fan, HE Fanneng, LI Meijiao, LI Shicheng. Evaluating the reliability of global historical land use scenarios for forest data in China [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1083-1094. |
[8] | LIU Ruiqing, XU Hao, LI Jialin, PU Ruiliang, SUN Chao, CAO Luodan, JIANG Yimei, TIAN Peng, WANG Lijia, GONG Hongbo. Ecosystem service valuation of bays in East China Sea and its response to sea reclamation activities [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1095-1116. |
[9] | FANG Chuanglin, WANG Zhenbo, LIU Haimeng. Beautiful China Initiative: Human-nature harmony theory, evaluation index system and application [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 691-704. |
[10] | CHEN Mingxing, LIANG Longwu, WANG Zhenbo, ZHANG Wenzhong, YU Jianhui, LIANG Yi. Geographical thoughts on the relationship between ‘Beautiful China’ and land spatial planning [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 705-723. |
[11] | TANG Zhipeng, MEI Ziao, LIU Weidong, XIA Yan. Identification of the key factors affecting Chinese carbon intensity and their historical trends using random forest algorithm [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 743-756. |
[12] | WANG Shaojian, GAO Shuang, HUANG Yongyuan, SHI Chenyi. Spatiotemporal evolution of urban carbon emission performance in China and prediction of future trends [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 757-774. |
[13] | SONG Zhouying, ZHU Qiaoling. Spatio-temporal pattern and driving forces of urbanization in China’s border areas [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(5): 775-793. |
[14] | ZHAO Ting, BAI Hongying, YUAN Yuan, DENG Chenhui, QI Guizeng, ZHAI Danping. Spatio-temporal differentiation of climate warming (1959-2016) in the middle Qinling Mountains of China [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(4): 657-668. |
[15] | WANG Jiayue, XIN Liangjie, WANG Yahui. How farmers’ non-agricultural employment affects rural land circulation in China? [J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(3): 378-400. |
|