Journal of Geographical Sciences ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2085-2100.doi: 10.1007/s11442-019-1706-y
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
ZHONG Linsheng1,2,3, YU Hu1,2(), ZENG Yuxi1,3
Received:
2019-01-26
Accepted:
2018-03-25
Online:
2019-12-25
Published:
2019-12-06
Contact:
YU Hu
E-mail:yuhu@igsnrr.ac.cn
About author:
Zhong Linsheng (1971–), PhD and Professor, specialized in ecotourism and geographical tourism, protected area management. E-mail: zhongls@igsnrr.ac.cn.
Supported by:
ZHONG Linsheng, YU Hu, ZENG Yuxi. Impact of climate change on Tibet tourism based on tourism climate index[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2019, 29(12): 2085-2100.
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Figure 1
Location of the study area, meteorological stations HIB1: The Golog and Nagqu Plateau mountain region with the alpine shrub meadow; HIC2: The Changtang Plateau with the alpine grassland; HID1: The Kunlun Mountain region with plateau alpine desert; HIID3: The Ali region with mountainous desert; HIIC2: The southern Tibet with the shrubbery in the high valleys; HIIAB1: The western Sichuan and eastern Tibet region with the high mountains and deep valley coniferous forest; VA6: The southern Himalayas region with the monsoon rainforest and evergreen broad-leaved forests"
Table 1
Classification criteria and assignment of THI, WCI, ICL and AAI (Ma et al., 2010)"
Temperature-humidity index (THI) | Wind-chill index (WCI) | Index of clothing (ICL) | Altitude adaptation index (AAI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Classification | Human body sensation | Classification | Human body sensation | Classification | Suitable clothing | Oxygen content of air | Human body sensation |
< 40 | Extremely cold and uncomfortable | ≤ -1000 | Extremely cold wind | >2.5 | Down coat or fur coat | 0 m, 100% | Very comfortable |
40-45 | Cold and uncomfortable | -800 to -1000 | Cold wind | 1.8-2.5 | Casual clothing plus coat | 100 m, 99.2% | Comfortable |
45-55 | Slightly cold and uncomfortable | -600 to -800 | Slightly cold wind | 1.5-1.8 | Casual winter clothing | 1000 m, 92.4% | Quite comfortable |
55-60 | Cool and comfortable | -300 to -600 | Cool wind | 1.3-1.5 | Casual spring and autumn clothing | 2000 m, 84.7% | Generally comfortable |
60-65 | Cool and very comfortable | -200 to -300 | Comfortable wind | 0.7-1.3 | Shirt and casual clothing | 3000 m, 77.1% | Un-comfortable |
65-70 | Warm and comfortable | -50 to 200 | Warm wind | 0.5-0.7 | Light summer clothing | 4000 m, 69.5% | Very un- comfortable |
70-75 | Rather warm and comfortable | +80 to -50 | No sensible wind | 0.3-0.5 | Short sleeve and open collar shirt | 5000 m, 61.8% | Extremely un-comfortable |
75-80 | Sultry and uncomfortable | +160 to +80 | Hot wind | 0.1-0.3 | Tropical light clothing | ||
> 80 | Extremely sultry and uncomfortable | ≥ +160 | Uncomfortable wind | < 0.1 | Extremely light clothing |
Table 2
Changes of THI, WCI and ICL in Tibet"
Year | 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
THI | 45.99 | 44.79 | 46.09 | 45.96 | 45.68 | 46.29 | 46.06 | 46.79 | 46.30 | 47.26 | 48.77 | 48.13 |
-WCI | 633.35 | 751.62 | 806.65 | 701.05 | 652.10 | 645.99 | 632.68 | 595.30 | 582.87 | 752.03 | 537.01 | 591.61 |
ICL | 1.95 | 2.03 | 1.96 | 1.98 | 1.96 | 1.93 | 1.93 | 1.87 | 1.88 | 1.87 | 1.79 | 1.78 |
Month | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sept | Oct | Nov |
THI | 36.51 | 35.57 | 38.41 | 42.24 | 46.29 | 51.2 | 55.95 | 57.32 | 56.28 | 53.26 | 46.73 | 40.59 |
-WCI | 795.89 | 878.68 | 886.00 | 811.52 | 705.67 | 595.93 | 486.41 | 438.17 | 442.7 | 492.16 | 618.46 | 719.59 |
ICL | 2.51 | 2.62 | 2.47 | 2.20 | 1.92 | 1.60 | 1.33 | 1.25 | 1.30 | 1.45 | 1.83 | 2.24 |
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