A review of underlying surface parameterization methods in hydrologic models

doi:10.1007/s11442-019-1643-9

Abstract

Abstract:

Numerous topography, land-cover, land-use, and soil-type parameterization methods are required to simulate the hydrologic cycle. In this paper, using the principles of hydrologic cycle simulation, 20 methods commonly applied to runoff-yield simulation are analyzed. Additionally, parameterization methods used in 17 runoff-yield simulation methods and 15 confluence methods are discussed, including the degree of parameterization. Next, the parameterization methods are classified into four categories: not clearly expressed; calibrated; deterministic; and physical-conceptual. Furthermore, we clarify responses and contributions of different parameterization methods to hydrologic cycle simulation results. Finally, major weaknesses of simplified descriptions of complex rational and physical mechanisms in the parameterization methods of the underlying surfaces in hydrologic models are outlined, and two directions of future development are estimated, looking toward simple practicality and complex mechanization.

Key words: hydrologic cycle simulation, watershed topography, land use and cover, watershed characteristics, parameterization

Lingling ZHAO, Changming LIU, Leszek SOBKOWIAK, Xiaoxiao WU, Jiafu LIU. A review of underlying surface parameterization methods in hydrologic models[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2019, 29(6): 1039-1060.

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References 74

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Runoff-yield method	Calculation method	Hydrological model
Rainfall-runoff coefficient of correlation	SCS, Nonlinear runoff methods	DTVGM (Xia et al., 2002; Xia et al., 2005a; Xia et al., 2005b), HIMS (Liu et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2008), SWMM (Huber et al., 2008), SWAT (Neitsch et al., 2011; Arnold et al., 1998), HEC-HMS (Feldman,1981)
Storage-full runoff	Soil water storage capacity curve	Xin’anjiang (Zhao,1984), VIC (Liang et al., 1994; Liang et al., 1996), EasyDHM (Lei et al., 2010a, 2010b)
Storage-full runoff	Topographic index	TOPMODEL (Beven et al., 1984; Beven et al., 1995), TOPKAPI (Liu et al., 2002)
Runoff yield under excess infiltration	Soil infiltration capacity curve	Shanbei model (Zhao, 1984), water tank model (Xu, 2009), EasyDHM, TOPMODEL, VIC
Runoff yield under excess infiltration	Green-Ampt	SWAT, WEP, HIMS, SWMM, PRMS (Xu, 2009), HEC-HMS
Dynamic equation	Richards equation	VIC, WEP (Jia et al., 2001a, 2001b), VIP (Mo et al., 2004), MIKE SHE (Abbott et al., 1986a, 1986b)

Confluence process	Calculation method	Hydrological model
Overland flow	Unit hydrograph method	Xin’anjiang model, SWMIV, HSPF, HEC-1, TOPMODEL, VIC-3L, HIMS, SWAT
	Isochrones method	Xin’anjiang model, HIMS
	Linear reservoir equation	Xin’anjiang model, TOPMODEL, DTVGM
	Non-linear reservoir equation	SWMM, TOPKAPI
River flow routing	Kinematic wave equation	HEC-1, TOPKAPI, DTVGM, WEP-L (Jia et al., 2006), EasyDHM
	Dynamic wave equation	SHE, VIC-3L (Yuan et al., 2004>), PRWS, WEP-L
	Muskingum method	Xin’anjiang model, HBV, HEC-1, SWAT, HIMS, EasyDHM
	Variable storage coefficient method	SWAT, EasyDHM

Category		Runoff-yield method
Rainfall-runoff coefficient of correlation	Deterministic parameters	SCS runoff curve method
Rainfall-runoff coefficient of correlation	Deterministic parameters	Non-linear Time-Variant Runoff Gain method
Storage-full runoff	Calibrated parameters	Soil water capacity demand curve method
	Deterministic parameters	Topographic index
	Physical conceptual	Richards equation
Runoff yield under excess infiltration	Not clearly expressed	Infiltration curve method
	Not clearly expressed	Initial and final loss method
	Physical conceptual	Green & Ampt (physical concept formula)
	Calibrated parameters	Profit and loss constant method
		Horton (empirical formula)
		Kostiakov (empirical formula)
		Philip (empirical formula)
		Hotan (empirical formula)
		Smith (empirical formula)
		Smith-Parlange (empirical formula)

Flow concentration method			Category
Overland flow concentration	Isochronous line		Calibrated parameters
	Unit hydrograph	Time interval unit line	Not clearly expressed
		Instantaneous unit line (J.E. Nash)	Calibrated parameters
		GIUH	Physical conceptual
		SCS runoff curve	Deterministic parameters
	Linear reservoir equation		Calibrated parameters
	Non-linear reservoir equation		Calibrated parameters
River flow routing	Saint-Venant equations		Calibrated parameters
	Simplified dynamic equation	Kinematic wave equation	Deterministic parameters
		Diffusion wave equation
		Dynamic wave equation
	Other empirical equations replacing dynamic equations	Reservoir flood routing method	Calibrated parameters
		Muskingum method
		Muskingum-Cunge method
		Variable storage coefficient method