Journal of Geographical Sciences ›› 2019, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 762-778.doi: 10.1007/s11442-019-1626-x
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Yifan WU1(), Weilun FENG1, Yang ZHOU1,2,3,*(
)
Received:
2018-03-18
Accepted:
2018-09-20
Online:
2019-05-25
Published:
2019-04-19
Contact:
Yang ZHOU
E-mail:wuyf@mail.bnu.edu.cn;zhouyang@igsnrr.ac.cn
About author:
Author: Wu Yifan (1993-), PhD, specialized in land resources and urban-rural development. E-mail:
Supported by:
Yifan WU, Weilun FENG, Yang ZHOU. Practice of barren hilly land consolidation and its impact: A typical case study from Fuping County, Hebei Province of China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2019, 29(5): 762-778.
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Figure 2
Theoretical framework of barren hilly land consolidation effects analysisNotes: 1) Further explanation of the “three incomes”: the transferred land circulation compensation was paid according to the original usages of unconsolidated land, and by discounting the yield of a cornfield with an equal area(1 The irrigated land is valued at 6000 kg of corn per ha; the arid land is valued at 4500 kg of corn per ha; the jujube forest land is valued at 6000 kg of corn per ha for the first four years and 4500 kg of corn per ha from the fifth year on.). 2) The agricultural company hired local farmers to cultivate the newly-developed arable land, and the daily wage-income of a male laborer is 80 yuan. Female laborers were paid 60 yuan each day, per person. 3) The third type of income is the share of profit-bonus with the agricultural company. From the fifth year, farmers who have obtained transferred-income shall further receive a corresponding 30% split of profit-bonus with the agricultural company(2 The profits for distribution are the net gross income every year (excluding the operation and management costs, regulation fees and taxes) from the newly-developed arable land. From the fifth to the seventh year, the share of profit-bonus shall not be less than 9000 yuan per ha, and after the eighth year no less than 12,000 yuan per ha. If the profits cannot meet the minimum standards, the agricultural company shall make up the shortfall.)."
Table 1
Descriptive statistics of interviewees’ general information in Dadao Village, Fuping County in May 2018"
General information | Sample size | Explanation and choices | Min | Max | Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 98 | The real age (not China’s nominal age) | 27 | 79 | 57 |
Gender | 98 | Male=50, Female=48 | |||
Education level | 98 | No more than primary school=40 Middle school=48 High school=7 College and above=3 | |||
Permanent residents | 98 | Population that stays at home for more than 6 months throughout the year | 0 | 8 | 2.82 |
Population of working ages | 98 | 16-64 years old, except those incapable of work | 0 | 4 | 1.82 |
Usage of the land at pre-consolidation stage1 | 98 | Farm by themselves=86 Left unused=11 Other=2 | |||
Area of household transferred land | 94 | Land transferred for land consolidation Unit: mu (1 mu equals 0.067 ha) | 0.22 | 25 | 3.55 |
Transferred-income of land circulation | 94 | Unit: yuan / annum | 176 | 2000 | 2843 |
Attendance days2 | 20 | Days of work on the newly-developed arable land in one year; unit: day | 7 | 464 | 167 |
Wage-income from land consolidation | 20 | Unit: yuan / annum | 420 | 39320 | 12847 |
Figure 4
Transferred-income (a, b) and wage-income (c, d) of farmers in Dadao Village, Fuping County in 2017Note: The data of (a) and (c) originated from the financial statements of the village committee and the agricultural company, and the data of (b) and (d) are the statistics from the site investigation."
Table 2
Proportions and structures of farmers’ “three incomes” in Dadao Village, Fuping County in 2017"
Age (years old) | Proportion of farmers (%) | Income per year (yuan) | Proportion of farmers (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transferred-income | Wage-income | Transferred-income | Wage-income | ||
Below 30 | 0 | 0 | Below 1000 | 28.38 | 10.00 |
30-40 | 9.46 | 0 | 1000-3000 | 32.43 | 15.00 |
40-50 | 17.57 | 5.00 | 3000-5000 | 10.81 | 15.00 |
50-60 | 21.62 | 15.00 | 5000-10,000 | 21.62 | 5.00 |
60-70 | 37.84 | 55.00 | 10,000-20,000 | 5.41 | 30.00 |
70-80 | 13.51 | 25.00 | 20,000-30,000 | 1.35 | 20.00 |
80-90 | 0 | 0 | Above 30,000 | 0 | 5.00 |
Average age | 57 | 64 | Average income | 3625.00 | 12847.40 |
Table 3
The total amount and structures of LUCC of three periods in Dadao Village, Fuping County"
Land utilization types | Unit | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | Change of proportion (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arable land1 | Area (ha) | 83.73 | 83.24 | 82.97 | -0.16 |
Proportion (%) | 17.29 | 17.19 | 17.13 | ||
Forest land | Area (ha) | 38.61 | 38.61 | 20.90 | -3.66 |
Proportion (%) | 7.97 | 7.97 | 4.31 | ||
Rural construction land | Area (ha) | 27.16 | 27.69 | 28.03 | 0.18 |
Proportion (%) | 5.61 | 5.72 | 5.79 | ||
Water area | Area (ha) | 10.06 | 10.06 | 10.06 | 0.00 |
Proportion (%) | 2.08 | 2.08 | 2.08 | ||
Flood plain | Area (ha) | 20.04 | 20.02 | 20.02 | -0.01 |
Proportion (%) | 4.14 | 4.13 | 4.13 | ||
Unused grassy slope land | Area (ha) | 304.76 | 233.35 | 80.35 | -46.33 |
Proportion (%) | 62.92 | 48.18 | 16.59 | ||
Newly-developed arable land2 | Area (ha) | 0.00 | 71.40 | 242.04 | 49.97 |
Proportion (%) | 0.00 | 14.74 | 49.97 | ||
Total area | Area (ha) | 484.37 | 484.37 | 484.37 | 0.00 |
Index of land use intensity | (%) | 351.67 | 359.16 | 378.68 | 27.01 |
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