The changing patterns of cropland conversion to built-up land in China from 1987 to 2010

doi:10.1007/s11442-018-1531-8

Abstract

Abstract:

Over the past few decades, built-up land in China has increasingly expanded with rapid urbanization, industrialization and rural settlements construction. The expansions encroached upon a large amount of cropland, placing great challenges on national food security. Although the impacts of urban expansion on cropland have been intensively illustrated, few attentions have been paid to differentiating the effects of growing urban areas, rural settlements, and industrial/transportation land. To fill this gap and offer comprehensive implications on framing policies for cropland protection, this study investigates and compares the spatio-temporal patterns of cropland conversion to urban areas, rural settlements, and industrial/transportation land from 1987 to 2010, based on land use maps interpreted from remote sensing imagery. Five indicators were developed to analyze the impacts of built-up land expansion on cropland in China. We find that 42,822 km² of cropland were converted into built-up land in China, accounting for 43.8% of total cropland loss during 1987-2010. Urban growth showed a greater impact on cropland loss than the expansion of rural settlements and the expansion of industrial/transportation land after 2000. The contribution of rural settlement expansion decreased; however, rural settlement saw the highest percentage of traditional cropland loss which is generally in high quality. The contribution of industrial/transportation land expansion increased dramatically and was mainly distributed in major food production regions. These changes were closely related to the economic restructuring, urban-rural transformation and government policies in China. Future cropland conservation should focus on not only finding a reasonable urbanization mode, but also solving the “hollowing village” problem and balancing the industrial transformations.

Key words: cropland loss, urban growth, rural settlement, industrial land, transportation land, China

Hongrun JU, Zengxiang ZHANG, Xiaoli ZHAO, Xiao WANG, Wenbin WU, Ling YI, Qingke WEN, Fang LIU, Jinyong XU, Shunguang HU, Lijun ZUO. The changing patterns of cropland conversion to built-up land in China from 1987 to 2010[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2018, 28(11): 1595-1610.

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Cropland to built-up land (km²)	1987-1995	1995-2000	2000-2005	2005-2010	1987-2010
Urban	5440	1265	6451	5945	19101
Rural settlement	5536	2184	3609	3534	14863
Industrial/transportation land	966	718	2517	4658	8859
Total	11942	4167	12576	14137	42822