Spatio-temporal pattern changes of land space in Hengduan Mountains during 1990-2015

doi:10.1007/s11442-018-1488-7

Abstract

Abstract:

Hengduan Mountains offer land space for a variety of ecological services. However, the sustainable development and management of land space has been challenged by increased human activities in recent years. This paper performs the spatial pattern analysis of the quantitative and structural changes of various landscapes at different altitudes, and uses the land use data in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015 to reveal how various land patterns have changed. The results show that, within the production-living-ecological space schema, the ecological space dominates Hengduan Mountains, while the production and living space was mainly distributed in south region. During 1990-2015, the production-living-ecological spatial changes had been gradually accelerated and the regional differences had become more prominent. The agricultural production space had continuously decreased by 1132.31 km², and the industrial and mining production space had rapidly increased by 281.4 km² during 1990-2015. The living space had steadily increased, and the ecological space had increased with fluctuations. The land space pattern in Hengduan Mountains was greatly restricted by the terrain, such as altitude and slope. The implementations of China Western Development Strategy and the Returning Farmland to Forest Program had favorably promoted the changes of land spatial pattern in Hengduan Mountains.

Key words: land space, production-living-ecological space, spatio-temporal pattern, stepwise regression analysis, Hengduan Mountains

Zhenqin SHI, Shaoyao ZHANG. Spatio-temporal pattern changes of land space in Hengduan Mountains during 1990-2015[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2018, 28(4): 529-542.

Figures/Tables 18

Figure 1

Figure 2

Table 1

Connection between the classification system of territory space and land use"

The production-living-ecological land space classification	The production-living- ecological land space, secondary classification	Second national land survey classification	Chinese Academy of Sciences land classification
Production space (PP)	Agricultural production space (APS)	011 paddy field, 012 irrigated field, 013 dry land, 021 orchard, 022 tea garden, 023 other fields, 104 rural road, 122 agricultural facility land, 123 field ridge	11 paddy field, 12 dry land
	Industrial and mining production space (IMPS)	061 industrial field, 062 mining field, 063 warehouse field, 101 railroad field, 102 highway land, 105 airport land, 106 port and dock land, 107 pipeline transportation land, 118 waterwork field, 204 mining field	53 other construction field
	Service production space(SPS)	088 scenic site facility field, 205 scenic site and special field
Living space (LP)	City and town living space (CTLS)	201 city, 202 organizational town, 103 street and lane field, 087 park and green land, 21 idle land	51 city and town land
Living space (LP)	Rural living space (RLS)	203 village, 072 rural residential land	52 rural residential area land
Ecological space (EP)	Green ecological space (GES)	031 forest land, 032 shrub land, 033 other woodland, 041 natural grassland, 042 artificial grassland, 043 other grassland	21 forest land, 22 shrub land, 23 sparse woodland, 24 other woodland, 31 high coverage grassland, 32 medium coverage grassland, 33 low coverage grassland
	Water ecological space (WES)	111 river surface, 112 lake surface, 113 water reservoir surface, 114 pit and pod surface, 115 coastal shoal, 116 inland shoal, 119 glacier and firn, 125 swampland	41 river and canal, 42 lake, 43 water reservoir, pit and pod, 44 glacier and firn, 45 sea shoal, 46 beach land
	Other ecological space (OES)	124 saline and alkaline land, 126 sandy land, 127 bare land	1 sandy land, 62 saline and alkaline land, 64 marshland, 65 bare land, 66 bare rock land, 67 others

Table 1

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Table 9

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	1990	2000	2010	2015
Production space	7.70	7.65	7.65	7.55
Living space	0.17	0.19	0.23	0.24
Ecological space	92.13	92.16	92.12	92.21

Space type	1990-2000			2000-2010
Space type	All	Qinghai-Tibet Plateau	Yunnan plateau	All	Qinghai-Tibet Plateau	Yunnan plateau
Agricultural production space	-0.07	0.14	-0.11	-0.06	0.30	-0.13
Industrial and mining production space	0.49	4.83	0.39	35.14	239.43	28.70
City and town living space	4.65	1.32	5.43	5.52	8.54	5.01
Rural living space	0.51	0.06	0.57	1.41	2.53	1.27
Green ecological space	0.01	-0.01	0.05	-0.01	-0.02	0.00
Water ecological space	-1.27	0.24	-2.38	3.36	6.49	0.26
Other ecological space	0.11	0.11	-0.05	-0.28	-0.30	0.26

Year 2015	Year 1990
Year 2015	APS	IMPS	CTLS	RLS	GES	WES	OES
APS	28520.12	12.57	8.11	188.09	6495.86	128.81	20.75
IMPS	123.67	41.33	0.63	2.52	175.78	2.18	0.78
CTLS	168.31	0.36	121.63	6.53	29.24	1.96	0.38
RLS	156.43	1.77	0.97	349.26	72.61	8.11	0.17
GES	6835.38	4.07	5.33	46.93	422397.51	921.09	6108.36
WES	200.87	1.44	0.89	4.15	615.26	2214.58	43.71
OES	20.28	0.00	0.60	2.71	3264.26	31.32	13292.07

Year 2000	Year 1990
Year 2000	IPS	IMPS	CTLS	RLS	GES	WES	OES
APS	35702.76	0.08	0.41	3.25	475.13	28.88	0.96
IMP	4.94	47.35	0.00		12.83
CTLS	61.64		136.97	1.49	4.02	0.30
RLS	26.00		1.57	609.55	4.17	7.12
GES	622.08	1.00	0.08	1.10	433296.83	574.62	237.20
WES	56.45	13.68	0.44	1.66	102.61	2744.67	11.91
OES	0.00				460.01	1.72	19252.74

Year 2010	Year 2000
Year 2010	APS	IMPS	CTLS	RLS	GES	WES	OES
APS	33932.62	2.97	14.75	25.87	1985.39	36.41	8.39
IMPS	94.98	51.44	1.95	1.82	138.56	4.53	0.74
CTLS	110.93	0.09	177.82	6.70	21.09	0.55	0.18
RLS	92.42	1.88	2.80	591.34	49.54	1.51	0.06
GES	1896.59	8.00	5.47	14.92	429574.16	139.79	2567.86
WES	73.38	0.62	0.94	4.69	641.53	2744.57	453.11
OES	16.64	0.10	0.70	3.09	2444.73	4.90	16686.88