Activity of cold vortex in northeastern China and its connection with the characteristics of precipitation and circulation during 1960-2012

doi:10.1007/s11442-015-1243-2

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the daily reanalysis data released by NCEP/NCAR and the daily precipitation of 753 Chinese stations from May to August during the period of 1960 to 2012, the statistical characteristics of the cold vortex in northeastern China were analyzed. In addition, the strength index, which described the characteristics of the vortex consistently and frequently, and the geographical distribution were given by continuous anomalies of circulation. Based on this index, the activity routines of the cold vortex, characteristics of atmospheric circulation, and their effects on precipitation in northeastern China were analyzed. The results show that: the activities of the cold vortex exhibit remarkable features of annual and interdecadal oscillation, and the vortex high frequency and its characteristics of atmospheric circulation are described more accurately by the strength index of the cold vortex, which shows a high correspondence with the vortex precipitation during early summer and midsummer in the northeast. In strong (weak) vortex years, the general circulation in the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia is to the advantage (disadvantage) of the formation, development and maintenance of the cold vortex, thus it is easy (difficult) to form the circulation which is beneficial to transmit vapor from south to north during the period of July to August. Blocking over the Ural Mountains prevails (does not prevail) in early summer, and blocking over the Sea of Okhotsk prevails (does not prevail) in midsummer. Areas where the subtropical high is too small (large) and moves toward the north too late (early) are better (worse) for the maintenance of the cold vortex in northeastern China.

Key words: northeast cold vortex, index of strength, circulation, subtropical high

Gang LIU, Guolin FENG, Yulin QIN, Ling CAO, Hongwei YAO, Ziqi LIU. Activity of cold vortex in northeastern China and its connection with the characteristics of precipitation and circulation during 1960-2012[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2015, 25(12): 1423-1438.

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Num	The generalized “cold vortex”				Northeast cold vortex
Num	Year	Day 1	Start time	End time	Day 2	Frequency
1	1969	40	May 10th	June 18th	16	5
2	1972	24	June 7th	June 30th	16	4
3	1974	22	June 9th	June 30th	19	5
4	1964	19	June 10th	June 28th	10	3
5	1983	19	May 31st	June 18th	10	3
6	1986	19	May 7th	May 25th	12	2
7	1961	18	May 7th	May 24th	4	1
8	1976	18	May 20th	June 6th	10	3
9	2009	18	June 9th	June 26th	13	3
10	1999	16	May 1st	May 16th	7	1
11	1992	15	June 3th	June 17th	15	1
12	1995	15	May 19th	June 2nd	8	2
13	1996	15	Jun 1st	June 25th	15	2
14	2011	15	May 31st	June 14th	13	2

Num	May and June			July and August
Num	Active years	Inactive years	Normal years	Active years	Inactive years	Normal years
1	1969	2003	1973	1972	1998	1993
2	1976	2010	1992	1965	2008	1986
3	1965	2000	2011	1961	1974	1990
4	1972	2012	2005	1971	1980	1995
5	1960	1970	1998	1981	1996	1989
6	1974	1996	1964	1966	2002	1975
7	1995	1968	1986	1964	2001	2000
8	1961	1985	1993	1987	2006	1973
9	1963	2007	1987	1978	1999	2009
10	2009	1978	1997	1976	2005	1969

May and June	Subtropical high’s characteristic			July and August	Subtropical high’s characteristic
May and June	Time of the first northward jump	Ridge line	Area	July and August	Time of the second northward jump	Ridge line	Area
The most active 10 years	7 years later 2 years earlier 1 year normal	5 years northerly 5 years southerly	2 years larger 8 years less	The most active 10 years	8 years later 2 years earlier	6 years northerly 4 years southerly	3 years larger 7 years less
The most inactive 10 years	2 years later 5 years earlier 3 year normal	4 years northerly 6 years southerly	5 years larger 5 years less	The most inactive 10 years	2 years later 4 years earlier 4 year normal	4 years northerly 6 years southerly	8 years larger 2 years less
The normal 10 years	1 years later 9 years earlier	3 years northerly 7 years southerly	6 years larger 4 years less	The normal 10 years	7 years later 2 years earlier 1 year normal	5 years northerly 5 years southerly	3 years larger 7 years less

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