Evolution characters of water exchange abilities between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River

doi:10.1007/s11442-014-1116-0

Abstract

Abstract:

By using field-survey hydrological data of the related control stations in Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River mainstream in 1951-2010, the evolution characters of water exchange abilities between the two water bodies and their response to the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) from different time scales are analyzed based on their hydraulic relations. The results are shown as follows. Firstly, during July-September, the replenishment ability of Three Outlets to Dongting Lake is stronger, and in January-March, the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River is stronger. Secondly, there has been an obvious inter-decadal wave on the water exchange coefficient between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River. In 1951-1958 and 1959-1968, the replenishment ability of Three Outlets to Dongting Lake was stronger, but in 2003-2010, the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River has been strengthened. Thirdly, the spill-division ability of Three Outlets weakens, and the water of Dongting Lake coming from Three Outlets decreases either in typical years or under different dispatching modes of the TGR after the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Furthermore, the water of Dongting Lake coming from Four Rivers takes the dominant position, which obviously enhances the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River. Fourthly, if the effect of the runoff fluctuation in the basin is not considered, the evolution characters of the exchange capacities and the exchange process between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River in different time scales are generally changed with the variation of the water exchange amount between them, although the factors influencing the water exchange capacities between them is very complex. These show that there is an in-line growth or decline relation between the river-lake water exchange ability and the river-lake water exchange amount.

Key words: water exchange coefficient, evolution of water exchange function, Dongting Lake, Yangtze River

Chaomin OU, Jingbao LI, Yongqiang ZHOU, Weiyan CHENG, Yan YANG, Zhonghua ZHAO. Evolution characters of water exchange abilities between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2014, 24(4): 731-745.

Figures/Tables 9

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Year	Runoff of Zhicheng Station (10⁸ m³)	Anomalies of the runoff (%)	Water volume of Three Outlets (10⁸ m³)	Water volume of Chenglingji (10⁸ m³)	Year	Runoff of Zhicheng Station (10⁸ m³)	Anomalies of the runoff (%)	Water volume of Three Outlets (10⁸ m³)	Water volume of Chenglingji (10⁸ m³)
1976	4246.8	+0.6	586.7	2861.1	2003	4229.7	+1.8	576.2	2684.5
1995	4216.5	-0.1	500.8	2321.2	2004	4217.5	+1.5	532.7	2327.4
1951	4556.0	+7.9	1480.0	3098.0	2005	4542.1	+9.3	632.2	2415.2
1994	3432.6	-18.7	344.9	2738.0	2006	2930.6	-29.5	184.6	1989.6
1960	4192.1	-0.7	634.2	2824.6	2007	4180.3	+0.6	550.4	2093.5
1996	4263.7	+1.0	763.2	2549.9	2008	4276.5	+2.9	536.5	2253.6
1971	4045.5	-4.2	819.3	2320.9	2009	4043.0	-2.7	449.0	2020.0
1999	4823.9	+14.3	808.8	2990.6	2010	4824.0	+16.1	632.4	2765.0

Season	Runoff of Three Outlets	Runoff of Four Rivers	Runoff of inflow into the Lake	Runoff of Chenglingji	Exchange coefficient (I)
Spring	1.27	86.23	87.50	102.57	0.04
Summer	50.80	250.63	301.43	316.87	0.48
Autumn	195.63	146.00	341.63	392.00	1.66
Winter	42.90	69.90	112.80	154.33	0.61

Dry years	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient	Normal years	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient	Wet years	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient
1994	3432.6	0.391	1960	4192.1	0.983	1999	4823.9	0.839
2006	2930.6	0.288	2007	4180.3	0.815	2010	4824.0	0.631

Dispatching modes of the TGR	Dry year	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient	Normal year	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient	Wet year	Runoff of Zhicheng (10⁸ m³)	The coefficient
Pre-discharge dispatch	1994	3432.6	0.561	1960	4192.1	1.251	1999	4823.9	0.818
Pre-discharge dispatch	2006	2930.6	0.434	2007	4180.3	0.906	2010	4824.0	0.512
Flood-storage dispatch	1994	3432.6	0.314	1960	4192.1	1.282	1999	4823.9	0.752
Flood-storage dispatch	2006	2930.6	0.355	2007	4180.3	0.874	2010	4824.0	0.837
Water-storage dispatch	1994	3432.6	0.492	1960	4192.1	1.535	1999	4823.9	0.641
Water-storage dispatch	2006	2930.6	0.378	2007	4180.3	0.729	2010	4824.0	0.575
Water-supplement dispatch	1994	3432.6	0.484	1960	4192.1	1.195	1999	4823.9	0.124
Water-supplement dispatch	2006	2930.6	0. 251	2007	4180.3	0.191	2010	4824.0	0.061

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